3. Environmental stress
[Acidification and liming]
[ref. ID; 1650]
Stress
pH 6.3 (control), 5.8, 5.4, 5.3, 5.0, and 4.7. 0.5N stock solution of nitric and sulphuric acid (1:1 by equivalents).
Test organisms
Auatic microcosms in Emerald Lake (Sierra Nevada, California, U.S.A. 36 degrees 35'N, 118 degrees 40'W).
[ref. ID; 1852]
Stress
Acidify pH 7.2 (control), 6, 5 and 4.5 with 1N H2SO4.
Test organisms
Aquatic mesocosms (freshwater plankton community) in Lake O'Woods, West virginia.
[ref. ID; 2848, 2851]
Stress
1 mg 95% CaCO3.
Test organisms
Protozoa: Cyclopyxis kahli
[ref. ID; 7117]
Sensitivity to acids and alkali
Citrate-phosphate buffer (0.1M citric acid/0.2M dibasic sodium phosphate, pH range 3-5.5), phosphate buffer (0.2M monobasic sodium phosphate/0.2M dibasic sodium phosphate, pH range 6-8) and ammediol buffer (0.2M ammediol, pH range 9-11 adjusted with 1M NaOH) were used to prepare pH-specific non-toxic environment.
Test organisms
Protozoa: Acanthamoeba sp.
[ref. ID; 7179]
Stress
Artificial acid rain (pH 4.4 and 3.1) and liming (CaCO3 added).
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Fridericia sp.
[ref. ID; 7227]
Stress
Acidification (pH >8 (control), 6.5, 5.5 and 4.5).
Test organisms
Mesocosm
[ref. ID; 7247]
Stress
2SO4, HNO3 (pH 3.9-4.1, control 6.1-7.1).
Test organisms
Testate Amoebae (Rhizopoda, Testacea)
[Desiccation]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Acanthamoeba sp. (ref. ID; 7117)
Rotifera: Philodina roseola (ref. ID; 3463, 3464)
Nematoda: Panagrolaimus rigidus (ref. ID; 1900)
[Fertilizer]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Cyclopyxis kahli (ref. ID; 2848, 2851)
[Freezing and thawing]
Test organisms
Rotifera: Philodina acuticornis odiosa (ref. ID; 1927)
[Oxygen]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Loxodes striatus (ref. ID; 500)
Protozoa: Paramecium caudatum (ref. ID; 4827)
Nematoda: Caenorhabditis elegans (ref. ID; 850)
Oligochaeta: Tubificid worms (ref. ID; 7769)
[Osmotic stress]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Dictyostelium discoideum (ref. ID; 7421)
Protozoa: Euglena gracilis (ref. ID; 7426)
Protozoa: Paramecium calkinsi (ref. ID; 7301)
[Photo stress]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Chlamydomonas moewusii (ref. ID; 799)
Protozoa: Cyclopyxis kahli (ref. ID; 2848, 2851)
Protozoa: Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris (ref. ID; 799)
[Thermal stress]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Acanthamoeba sp. (ref. ID; 7117)
Protozoa: Chlamydomonas moewusii (ref. ID; 799)
Protozoa: Cyclopyxis kahli (ref. ID; 2848, 2851)
Protozoa: Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris (ref. ID; 799)
Protozoa: Euplotes eurystomus (ref. ID; 7711)
Rotifera: Lacinularia flosculosa (ref. ID; 3396)
Rotifera: Freshwater community (ref. ID; 1853)
Nematoda: Caenorhabditis elegans (ref. ID; 850)
[Urban influences]
Test organisms
Rotifera: Community (ref. ID; 1818)
[Ultraviolet]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7723)
Rotifera: Community (ref. ID; 6964)