Colpoda
- Colpoda cucullus
- Colpoda inflata
- Colpoda steinii
[ref. ID; 496]
Test system
Acute toxicity (9-hr LC50 and 9-hr LC10)
Strains
Axenic culture.
Toxicants
Chlorex (sodium chlorate) 55, MCPA 750, Dipror (Dichlorprop) 640, Matrigon (chlopyralide), Benlate, Sumicidin (fenvalerate).
Test design/concentrations
In tubes with amoeba saline ("Modified Neff's Amoeba Saline" (Page 1967): NaCl 0.120, MgSO4/7H2O 0.004, CaCl2/2H2O 0.004, Na2HPO4 0.142, KH2PO4 0.136 g litre-1), bacteria (Enterobacter aerogenes), and 15 ml of the ciliate suspension.
Measurements
MPN method and Absorbance method.
Evaluation
LC10 and LC50.
[ref. ID; 1874]
Test system
24-hr acute toxicity test
Strains
Cells were isolated from oak litter (Centre Country, Pennsylvania, USA) and dry cyst (ATCC 30917) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA).
Toxicants
Cadmium, Copper, Zinc
Test design/concentrations
24-well polystyrene tissue culture plates (medium: 10% Sonneborn's medium (Sonneborn's medium was prepared by boiling 2.5 g cerophyll (cereal leaves) for 5 min in 1 L of distilled, deionized water. The mixture was filtered (#1 Whatman filter paper), the volume was adjusted to 1 L with distilled water, and 0.5 g Na2HPO4 was added.) or minimal salts medium (6 mg KCl, 4 mg CaHPO4, 2 mg MgSO4), with food (Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 27889)).
Measurements/observations
Number of active cells.
Evaluations
IG50.
[ref. ID; 4568]
Test system
24 hr acute toxicity
Strains
From Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa, CEH Windermere, Ambleside, Cumbria, UK (CCAP) CCAP 1615/2.
Toxicants
Sheep dip formulations 1) OP, Ectomort (Young's Animal Health, UK) containing 8% propetamphos as the active ingredient, 2) SP, Bayticol (Bayer, Germany) containing 6% flumethrin as the active ingredient.
Test design/concentration
96-well microtiter plates, concentrations ranging from 0.00001% to 1% (dip formulation:total volume), 20 degrees C.
Measurements/observations
Viability by phase contrast inverted microscopy.
Evaluations
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
[ref. ID; 499]
Test system
24 hr growth assay
Strains
The species was isolated from the grounds of the Macaulay Institute in Aberdeen.
Toxicants
Sulphate solutions of Ni, Cd, Cu, and Zn (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100 mg litre).
Test design
Temperature 25 degrees C.
- Experiment 1 (metal salt solutions): 24-well polystyrene plates (0.025 ml (ca. 100 cells) C. steinii suspension + 0.45 ml of heavy metal solution + 0.025 ml of Pseudomonas fluorescens suspension).
- Experiment 2 (soil solutions): Liquid municipal sewage sludge from Persley sewage works near Aberdeen was added at 100 tonnes dry matter ha-1 to the surface of 2x4 m plots of a grass/clover ley at the Macaulay Institute. Additional Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were added individually as carbonate (Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn), acetate (Pb), or sulphate (cr) salt solutions to replicate plots. The concentrations used for each metal were the maxima recommended by EC guidelines (CEC directive 86/278/EEC) or twice these limits.
- Untreated controls, sludge alone, sludge + Cd, sludge + Cr, sludge + Cu, sludge + Ni, sludge + Pb, sludge + Zn
The soil in each plot was sampled. Soil solution extracted from 300 g (wet weight) soil using the centrifugation procedure described by Adams et al. (1980). The population growth of C. steinii was determined in five 0.5 ml subsamples of the soil solution extracted.
Measurements/observations
Cell number.
Evaluations
- Experiment 1: Regression analysis of probit-transformed data.
- Experiment 2: A blocked one-way analysis of variance.